Cost Types & Classification
Cambridge AS & A Level Business (9609) - Topic 5.4.2
SECTION A: The Dictionary Test (AO1)
Knowledge & Definitions - 10 marks
Define "Indirect Cost".
What happens to Total Fixed Costs if output doubles from 1,000 units to 2,000 units?
Define "Variable Cost" and give one example for a car manufacturer.
State the formula for Total Cost.
What is meant by "Average Cost"?
SECTION B: Application (AO2)
Apply concepts to business scenarios - 18 marks
Identify and classify the Variable Cost in this scenario. Explain your classification.
If the bakery produces 0 loaves in a month (closed for renovation), what is the Total Cost?
Calculate the Total Cost if the factory produces (a) 1,000 units and (b) 5,000 units.
Classify each cost as Direct or Indirect, and Fixed or Variable. Justify each classification.
Calculate (a) the Variable Cost per meal and (b) the Fixed Costs.
SECTION C: Strategic Analysis (AO3)
Build chains of consequence - 42 marks
Analyse why high Fixed Costs create greater business risk during economic downturns.
Analyse how a manufacturing business might reduce its Average Cost per unit as production increases.
A hotel has 60% Fixed Costs and 40% Variable Costs. A competitor has 30% Fixed Costs and 70% Variable Costs. Analyse how economic conditions (boom vs. recession) would affect their relative profitability.
Analyse the impact of automation (replacing workers with machinery) on a manufacturer's cost structure.
Using examples, analyse why some industries naturally have high Fixed Costs while others have low Fixed Costs.
Multiple-choice questions will be auto-graded. Essay questions require self-assessment against model answers.
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