Think of a eukaryotic cell (like yours) as a luxury apartment — separate rooms for sleeping (nucleus), cooking energy (mitochondria), and making food (chloroplasts in plants).
A bacterium lives in a studio flat. One open room. No partitions. The instruction manual (DNA) isn't locked in a safe (nucleus) — it's just lying on the floor.
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Eukaryote (e.g. You)
✅ Nucleus (DNA in a "safe")
✅ Mitochondria (power room)
✅ Chloroplasts (if plant)
✅ Complex membrane systems
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Prokaryote (Bacterium)
❌ NO nucleus
❌ NO mitochondria
❌ NO chloroplasts
✅ Circular DNA + Plasmids
⚠️ Examiner Trap #1
Bacteria DO have a cell wall — but it is NOT made of cellulose. It is made of peptidoglycan. Writing "cellulose" for bacteria = 0 marks.
⚠️ Examiner Trap #2
Bacteria have ribosomes — do NOT say bacteria lack protein-making structures. Ribosomes are present in ALL living cells.