State two reasons why very high pressures are avoided in the Contact process for manufacturing sulfuric acid.

In the Haber process, nitrogen and hydrogen are recycled after each pass through the reactor. Explain the economic reason for this.

Explain why the Haber process operates at approximately 200 atmospheres rather than at a lower pressure of 10 atmospheres.

State two economic disadvantages of operating the Contact process at a very high temperature (above 600°C).

In the Haber process, the raw materials are nitrogen (from fractional distillation of air) and hydrogen (from natural gas). Explain why the cost of hydrogen is the major economic concern in ammonia production.

Explain the economic benefit of using an iron catalyst in the Haber process.

In the Contact process, vanadium(V) oxide (V₂O₅) is used as a catalyst in the oxidation of SO₂ to SO₃. Explain how the catalyst works and why it is economically important.

The iron catalyst used in the Haber process is described as a 'finely divided' solid. Explain why this form of the catalyst is used.

State two properties of an ideal industrial catalyst that make it economically attractive.

The V₂O₅ catalyst in the Contact process can be 'poisoned' by impurities in the SO₂ feed gas. Explain what catalyst poisoning means and why it is an economic concern.

Both the Haber process and the Contact process are exothermic. Explain why both processes use approximately 450°C as their operating temperature, despite the exothermic nature of the reactions.

Compare the role of pressure in the Haber process and the Contact process. Explain why the two processes use different operating pressures.

In the Contact process, SO₃ is not dissolved directly in water to form sulfuric acid. Instead, it is first absorbed in concentrated H₂SO₄. Explain why, and describe the economic significance.

Evaluate the industrial conditions used in the Haber process (temperature, pressure, catalyst) in terms of the compromise between rate of reaction, yield, and economic viability.

[Extended Writing] Describe and explain the industrial synthesis of ammonia by the Haber process. In your answer, include: the raw materials and their sources, the reaction conditions and their justification, and the economic and environmental considerations.